Here's more:

" When FRNs circulate as "money", they cross state lines in commerce, Congress has the

power to "regulate" the involvement by the people in commerce (using forms of "money" notes,

Checks etc.) but no more power that it has to "regulate commerce with foreign nations and

among the several States".



Fraud enters [among other ways] because the States and the Congress have abrogated

their mandate to mint gold and silver coins (only those clad copper coins remain) forcing the

people to use bank notes exclusively, and never being able to extinguish the debts but only to

"discharge" them in equity (only gold or silver or some other tangible "thing" Pays a debt).

The Federal reserve is a compelled privatized monopoly.



Private money comes under private law. "Money" is created when something of value (tangible

property) is pledged and bank notes, checks, or book-keeping entries (liquefied property) is

received. The bank holds the "thing" (mortgage "paper" etc.) of value until the bank notes,

(Credit of the United States) are returned. When the FRNs are returned the transaction is

canceled out to zero. However, the state and federal governments have a continuing lien on the

property purchased with the privilege (Title of Nobility) of purchasing "things" with their credit

instruments, see Repealer UCC Article 10, Section 40 which repealed the old negotiable

Instruments Law.



Today, everyone is a law merchant by definition, no one pays a debt but only discharges it

in equity. Even if FRNs are used for purchase of gold and silver one is still compelled into the

merchant system under the UCC for two reasons:



1. Use, of the debt instruments constitutes a claim by their maker upon the thing

purchased, the gold or silver.

2. Silver was de-monetized in 1873, gold in 1933.



In other words gold and silver are not money; they are commodities.



IN summary: Congress "privatized" the money system in 1913, giving the exclusive

privilege to create money to one of it's creations (the Federal Reserve). Since 1933 Gold, and

later silver, was demonetizing forcing the people to use FRNs (HJR 192). In a society such as

ours both private and public money is needed, not one to the exclusion of others. In the present

monopoly the maker (U.S. gov.) never redeems its notes. This is the fraudulent device used to

place you and I under a foreign jurisdiction called the International law of negotiable instruments.

The UCC is administered in an Admiralty/maritime jurisdiction called the common law or a

common law court using admiralty rules."