U.S. Note born Feb 25th 1862

[Guest]

On this day in 1862, the U.S. Congress passes the Legal Tender Act, authorizing the use of paper notes to pay the government's bills. This ended the long-standing policy of using only gold or silver in transactions, and it allowed the government to finance the enormously costly Civil War long after its gold and silver reserves were depleted.

Soon after the war began, the federal government began to run low on specie [metal]. Several proposals involving the use of bonds were suggested. Finally, Congress began printing money, which the Confederate government had been doing since the beginning of the war. The Legal Tender Act allowed the government to print $150 million in paper money that was not backed by a similar amount of gold and silver. Many bankers and financial experts predicted doom for the economy, as they believed there would be little confidence in the scheme. There were also misgivings in Congress, as many legislators worried about a complete collapse of the nation's financial infrastructure.

The paper notes, called greenbacks, worked much better than expected. The government was able to pay its bills and, by increasing the money in circulation, the wheels of Northern commerce were greased. The greenbacks were legal tender, which meant that creditors had to accept them at face value. In 1862, Congress also passed an income tax and steep excise taxes, both of which cooled the inflationary pressures created by the greenbacks.

Another legal tender act passed in 1863, and by war's end nearly a half-billion dollars in greenbacks had been issued. The Legal Tender Act laid the foundation for the creation of a permanent currency in the decades after the Civil War.

source: http://www.history.com/this-day-in-h...der-act-passed



Unlike private and state banknotes, United States Notes were printed on both sides. The reverse side was printed in green ink, and they were thus dubbed "greenbacks." They were also called "legal tenders." Fiat money. Paper currency not backed by gold or silver. The value of the notes was based on faith in the government. Been this way 153 years to the day.

[David Merrill]

The precursor was Gilpin's Notes here in Colorado. The War Chest was the gold of the '59'er's in Auraria and Central City. Shock testing was done between 1861 or so and 1913 in Canada.

P.S. Thanks for bringing it up! I enjoy that this is the 153rd year of the Income Tax. See John 21:11.

[Jethro]

In 1862, Congress also passed an income tax and steep excise taxes, both of which cooled the inflationary pressures created by the greenbacks.

It is very noteworthy that paper money and income tax always go hand in hand. This was repeated later in 1913 -- both paper money (Federal Reserve) and income tax came back simultaneously.

[David Merrill]

The absurdity that debt can function as currency!

I was in a bible study yesterday morning and the leader was sticking to a point about getting the wrong kind of people into church leadership. I told an allegory, well maybe more a pertinent anecdote:

A close friend of mine is an accomplished surgeon. He is the first surgeon to re-attach a human limb successfully - a thumb. When he was opening a bank account in Texas the bankers thought he would be great on the Board of Directors, simply because he is rich and famous. He began inquiring how debt could be considered currency at all. Pretty quick they were arguing and when my friend became discouraged about getting any answers from the rest of the Board he wrote Debt Virus, that was translated into 40 languages and is a devastating treatise against the criminal syndicalism of fractional lending.

There is a prominent attorney in attendance and I noticed he was getting pale and even gray with a pallor!

[shikamaru]

In 1862, Congress also passed an income tax and steep excise taxes, both of which cooled the inflationary pressures created by the greenbacks.

First income tax act was the Revenue Act of 1861. It was repealed by the Revenue Act of 1862.

United States Notes replaced Demand Notes. Demand Notes were issued from 1861 - 1862.

[Michael Joseph]

The absurdity that debt can function as currency!

I was in a bible study yesterday morning and the leader was sticking to a point about getting the wrong kind of people into church leadership. I told an allegory, well maybe more a pertinent anecdote:

Heb 10:4 For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins.

Yet Jacob hangs on to his spotted cattle. Paints them white even for those who are not too discerning. All of man's thoughts are spotted. Here's another allegory for you:

Abraham kill you son. Issac is religion or anything that is loved so much that it places chains around our necks - Yep, religion fits that bill just fine.

After the war in the carnal mind in Sodom and Egypt, Abraham tithed ten percent OF HIS MIND - Which is all of it - all of his spotted cattle - and Melchizedek came forth with the bread and the wine. Which is say the King of Peace came into the Upper Room and offered Truth and Spirit.

Joh_4:24 God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

Joh_20:26 And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.


I am Abraham and so are you. Will you let Cain win - which is say the dead space of your carnal mind or will you shut Cain off and sacrifice that part of you on the Alter of your Mind?

1Ki 6:7 And the house, when it was in building, was built of stone made ready before it was brought thither: so that there was neither hammer nor axe nor any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building.

1Ki 6:8 The door for the middle chamber was in the right side of the house: and they went up with winding stairs into the middle chamber, and out of the middle into the third.

The Temple is built in complete silence and is not built by the hands of men - and the Upper Room is to the Right side of the House.

The MIND is the temple of God. And the wall around the city of Jericho - wherein was the School of the Prophets - will come down not by strength or might - but in sacrifice - MY SACRIFICE.

"It feels so good to reunite
Within yourself and within your mind
Let's find peace there" - Creed

Rev 11:8 And their dead bodies shall lie in the street of the great city, which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also our Lord was crucified.


In the Southern Cross of our mind in the carnal land is where our Lord is crucified. For the Angels grabbed Lot and pulled him into the House but those men of sodom were blinded - carnal minded they are.

Their eyes were covered with a veil - and even today - when Moses is read the veil remains. To try to figure out the Bible in our intellect is to be so far from the truth that it is equivalent to being 180 degrees apart. It is a great illusion to think we can in our intellect - for our thoughts are as spotted cattle - unclean and unfit for the Temple. If the priest enters unclean he dies. Which is to say he cannot remain.

Rom_8:7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.


Luk_23:34 Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.



Regards,
MJ

[Brian]

It is very noteworthy that paper money and income tax always go hand in hand. This was repeated later in 1913 -- both paper money (Federal Reserve) and income tax came back simultaneously.

Bank "money" issued by private banks and the Springer income tax go hand in hand. The purpose of the income tax in the 1860's was to drive people away from state & wildcat banks to provide backing/legitimacy to the Greenbacks. The current iteration of the Springer income tax is to provide a drain valve on total bank credit in circulation...this comes from the Article 1 section 8 clause 5 authority of congress to "regulate the value thereof".

Because you are not using the coin of the realm or other money issued directly by the Treasury you get "regulated" via taxation on your bank money income. Congress will get their seigniorage one way or the other. Using their coins and USN's and the they get it directly...use the banks money and the Federal reserve sends the Treasury its profits less 6% plus you lose a significant amount via taxes on bank credit. The choice(excise) is yours.

[allodial]

A close friend of mine is an accomplished surgeon. He is the first surgeon to re-attach a human limb successfully - a thumb. When he was opening a bank account in Texas the bankers thought he would be great on the Board of Directors, simply because he is rich and famous. He began inquiring how debt could be considered currency at all. Pretty quick they were arguing and when my friend became discouraged about getting any answers from the rest of the Board he wrote Debt Virus, that was translated into 40 languages and is a devastating treatise against the criminal syndicalism of fractional lending.

Social credit systems and blood banks can work marvelously among sober beneficiaries and right-minded trustees, but when you cap such systems off with a cabal of vampire trustees...what to expect?


Take the situation of a father with a natural, healthy sense of duty to care for his wife and children and the situation of a ruthless cabal...

...that has the audacity to profit off of making the father's everyday affairs into a frustrating nightmare of desperation.


The warehouseman (retailer) is 'supposed' to profit from his services of housing and storing goods but not as though he were an artificer or manufacturer of the goods. A banker is supposed to profit from his services as a banker not as if he were the laborer or the artificer or originator of that which money is utilized to acquire. Ponder: banker-communist as "cock-blocker" creating pressures in social plumbing to the extent he promotes crime and despair (i.e. venting, leaks and explosions at points unintended)--it seems that they would have to know very well what they are doing to even spy in order to be so well-positioned to readily profit from fallout of the desperation and frustration resulting from their clock-blocking (i.e. from prisons and jails). Such a warehouseman or banker might do well to look up the definition of fraud. (Pssst: it really, really seems like they know what they are doing!)

And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men. (Revelations 18:13)

Perhaps the purpose of those religious tests served to make sure those that held office were those who had a sense of fear of punishment for lying or deception?

Related:

• The Myth of the Rule of Law
• Prison Industrial Complex

[David Merrill]

Social credit systems and blood banks can work marvelously among sober beneficiaries and right-minded trustees, but when you cap such systems off with a cabal of vampire trustees...what to expect?

I think of the corruption, elastic currency, as more basic than that. Any time you extend credit beyond the initial debtor you hypothecate a curse upon the next party. This is how the national debt becomes a curse upon thy neighbor and all our children.

That was my point in offering my $20M Lien to China for $50M!

[allodial]

I think of the corruption, elastic currency, as more basic than that. Any time you extend credit beyond the initial debtor you hypothecate a curse upon the next party. This is how the national debt becomes a curse upon thy neighbor and all our children.

I recall a scene from the movie The Sheltering Sky about a ritual for getting rid of sickness by selling it to someone else. Perhaps the power to forgive or cancel debt might be the ultimate antidote?

***

Could it be that behind all the smoke and fog of financial corruption is something like this: Harry Q. Banker's cons John Doe out of money but under the law Harry Q. Banker owes money ("capital gains") because of the way he gained it [the TIN-man (taxman) bearing witness]. Incidental to the con, Harry Q. Banker sneakily puts John Doe (voluntary in John Doe's own writing) on the hook for Harry Q. Banker's debt. John Doe's note is really credit or positive money and has value that is why Harry Q. Banker is on the hook (cursed) for his con. Harry Q. Banker's gain is an abberation, its ultra vires inherently--it has no place, has no fundament--not kosher. The debt arises out of his own works of Black Magic, for he was told when he was initiated in the Dark Arts that there would be repercussions (in sum he knows that the Universe's circuitry doesn't support that way of doing things--so he goes in knowing that his ways are off kilter). Harry Q. Banker's Black Magic is the cause of the debt which is Harry Q. Banker's very own (i.e. the result is Harry Q. Banker is cursed--the curse belongs to Harry Q. Banker). In attempt to make things work (to balance the books?), Harry Q. Banker seeks to make his victim volunteer to be patsy for Harry Q. Banker's curse, as in in doing so Harry Q. Banker intends to to divert the curse to his victim with is victim's own allegedly "voluntary" writing (think: 'risk management' for practitioners of Black Magic who by 'profession' know of the consequence)--sells his curse to John Doe with John Doe volunteering.

Harry Q. Banker is only supposed to gain from fees and nothing more but the Dark Side's appeal has him in the shadows playing footsie with curses. Afterall, what does a glorified accounting firm need with 100-story skyscrapers in every major city? That's not banking--that's empire building with curses. If Harry Q. Banker went into banking to be a banker, he wouldn't be looking to profit from anything other thank banking and would only collect fees from transactions.

To put it more simply: a robber who steals $50, has his victim volunteer to put up $50 or more just in case his victim or 'karma' comes looking for $50.

Isn't there something in the Book of Nehemiah about constructing with good, clean materials than with curses?

Related terms: double jeopardy, usury, paying twice, double dipping (maybe the second dip is to mitigate against repercussions from the first con--"If he comes back for his $50, I'll have $100 to take it out of"?--Maybe Harry Q. Banker can't control himself so he spends it all?), bailout.

Could it possibly be that until 1913 it was against the law to sell sickness in the U.S.A.?

P.S. If UPS had the audacity to not only expect $14.99 for shipping charges but to profit by selling the package to the recipient folks would be fuming and pissed.

[allodial]

Interestingly and coincidentially enough...

Created in 1913, the Public Health Council was initially charged with adopting the State Sanitary Code. (Laws of New York, Chapter 559 of 1913). In 1970, legislation was enacted to transfer to the Council from the State Board of Social Welfare the responsibility for overseeing the establishment of medical facilities (Laws of New York, Chapter 617 of 1970). Subsequent changes in statute extended the Council's authority to approve the establishment of certified home health agencies, hospices, and licensed home care services agencies.

The Council spearheaded initiatives to improve sanitary conditions and community health. Public health matters such as the polio vaccine, fluoridated water, the closing of tuberculosis hospitals, and hospital-acquired staphylococcus infections were among the varied issues the Council addressed over the years.
***
The Council's powers and duties were set forth in section 225 of the Public Health Law. The Council, in partnership with the State Hospital Review and Planning Council and the Department of Health, was charged with overseeing the Certificate of Need process. It was responsible for reviewing and approving the establishment, and transfers of ownership, of health care facilities and home care agencies. The Council was also responsible for the promulgation of regulations under the NYS Sanitary Code. These regulations encompass communicable diseases, drinking water supplies, qualifications of health personnel, maternal and child health, food service establishments, environmental diseases, and AIDS. Pursuant to 2801-b of the Public Health Law, the Council also considers verified complaints submitted by physicians, podiatrists, optometrists, dentists, and licensed midwives whose hospital privileges were terminated, suspended or denied.

Birth registration? Hospitals? Communicability or transfer of ownership of debt at birth by hospitals as a 'medical procedure'? Didn't the 14th ammendment have something to do with public debt?

The Mental Deficiency Act 1913 was an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which made provisions for the institutional treatment of people deemed to be "feeble-minded" and "moral defectives".[1] "It proposed an institutional separation so that mental defectives should be taken out of Poor Law institutions and prisons into newly established colonies."

The Idiots Act 1886 made the legal distinction between "idiots" and "imbeciles". It contained educational provisions for the needs of people deemed to be in these categories. In 1904 the Royal Commission on the Care and Control of the Feeble-Minded was set up with the warrant "to consider the existing methods of dealing with idiots and epileptics, and with imbecile, feeble-minded, or defective persons not certified under the Lunacy Laws... to report as to the amendments in the law or other measures which should be adopted in the matter".[3] The Commission returned a lengthy report in 1908 which estimated that of a population of 32,527,843 British inhabitants 149,628 people (0.46%) were considered "mentally defective". It recommended the establishment of a board of control which would oversee local authority efforts aimed at "the well-being of the mentally defective".
...
Winston Churchill spoke of the need to introduce compulsory labour camps for "mental defectives" in the House of Commons in February 1911. In May 1912 a Private Members' Bill entitled the "Feeble-Minded Control Bill" was introduced in the House of Commons, which called for the implementation of the Royal Commission's conclusions. It rejected sterilisation of the "feeble-minded", but had provision for registration and segregation. One of the few voices raised against the bill was that of G.K. Chesterton who ridiculed the bill, calling it the "Feeble-Minded Bill, both for brevity and because the description is strictly accurate". The bill was withdrawn, but a government bill introduced on 10 June 1912 replaced it, which would become the Mental Deficiency Act 1913.

"Morally defective" as in having a 'presumed' penchant for unjust weights and balances?

Transmittable between persons or species; contagious: communicable diseases.
2. Readily communicated

Could redeeming scrip or clearinghouse certificates for lawful money be a way of communicating sanity or moral non-defectiveness?

2. A condition or tendency, as of society, regarded as abnormal and harmful.
3. Obsolete Lack of ease; trouble.

Does debt tend to make people feel at ease or ...dis-ease?

We, the citizens of Lower East Manhattan, declare that this city is unsuitable for human development, child development and moral development. We, citizens of all classes, have suffered from deadly diseases such as cholera, tuberculosis, small pox and pneumonia at the hands of public officials who scoff at our sufferings. We believe that housing, politics, morals and health are all intertwined and without one, we would be quite at a loss. (from the first Report of the Council of Hygiene and Public Health of the Citizens' Association of New York circa 1865)

Interesting.

[Noah]

In 1862, Congress also passed an income tax and steep excise taxes, both of which cooled the inflationary pressures created by the greenbacks.

It is very noteworthy that paper money and income tax always go hand in hand. This was repeated later in 1913 -- both paper money (Federal Reserve) and income tax came back simultaneously.

That stands out to me too. Really cannot have one without the other. Back when Americans were paid in gold and silver if they started taxing incomes 20 to 30% the theft would be fairly obvious. If Americans used paper money without an income tax then inflation would run very high, making that currency undesirable to the point they'd stop using it. The income tax draws off, or siphons the wealth of the nation while most of the populace doesn't even realize it. The wealth landing in the banks and government.